Abstrak
The paper examined the rise of virtual sports betting among football bettors in Northern Nigeria. The study aims to examine the level of penetration of virtual betting and identify the reasons for the development. The researcher adopted Instant Gratification Model to explain the shift from betting on real-time sports betting to virtual betting in the areas selected for the study. The study has adopted a cross-sectional study design, and data were elicited through mixed methods (qualitative and quantitative). Thirteen interviews were conducted: Six Key Informant Interviews (KII) and seven In-Depth Interviews (IDI) with the sports bettors & operators of sports betting outlets. For the quantitative data, 927 structured questionnaires were administered, while 685 were retrieved from the respondents, indicating a 74% response rate. Qualitative data are presented in a prose style, while quantitative data are presented in a tabular form, of frequency tables and cross-tabulation based on the study's objectives. The study found that most virtual sports bettors were youth and educated. It also found that the availability of virtual sports betting 24 hours, unlike actual sporting events, has been identified as one factor that motivates football bettors or gamblers to shift their attention to virtual betting. Furthermore, it found that there are other virtual sporting events like Dog Race and Basketball that attract the bettors' attention to virtual betting. Additionally, the time to finish a virtual football match of fewer than three minutes is also one of the reasons that sports bettors patronize virtual betting because they do not need to wait for 90 minutes to know their fate as in an accurate football match.
Referensi
Alexander Research Center (2020). Viríual sporís and sporís beííing research. Alexander Research Center.
Aragay, N., Pijuan, L, Cabestany, À, Ramos-Grille I, Garrido G, Vallès V & Jovell-Fernández, E (2021). Current addiction in youth: online sports betting. Froní Psychiaíry, 11 (590554), 1-6.
Brock, T. & Johnson, M. (2021). The gamblification of digital games. Journal ofi Consumer Culíure, 21(1), 3–13.
Chinyama, C. (2021). Adolescenís’ engagemení in sporís beííing in Malawi. Unpublished Master’s Thesis, Department of Education and Special Education, Faculty of Education, University of Gothenburg.
Das, M. (2021). Fantasy sports and gambling regulation in the Asia-Pacific. The Iníernaíional Sporís Law Journal, 1-14.
David, F. C. & Jack, B. (1989). The role of ego-control, ego-resilience, and IQ in the delay of gratification in adolescence. Journal of Personaliíy and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1041-50.
Dib, J.E., Haddad, C., Sacre, H., Ake, M., Salameh, P., Obeid, S., & Hallit, S. (2021).Factors associated with problematic internet use among a large sample of Lebanese adolescents. BMC Pediaírics, 21(148), 1-12.
Emond, A., Nairn, A., Collard, S., · & Hollén, L. (2021). Gambling by young adults in the UK during COVID-19 lockdown. Journal of Gambling Síudies, 1-13.
Gonzalez-Bueso V, Santamaria JJ, Fernandez D, Montero E, Bano M, Jimenez-Murcia S, (2021). Preferences on online gambling activities among adolescents: A Review. Journal ofi Psychiaíry Meníal Disorder, 6(1):1033, 1-10.
Gonzálvez-Vallés, J.E.; Barquero-Cabrero, J.D.; Caldevilla-Domínguez, D. & Barrientos-Báez, A. (2021). Tipsters and Addiction in Spain. Young People’s Perception of Influencers on Online Sports Gambling. Iníernaíional Journal Environ. Res. Public Healíh, 18 (6152), 1-13.
Guillou-Landreat, M, Gallopel-Morvan, K, Lever, D, Le Goff, D & Le Reste, J.Y (2021) Gambling Marketing Strategies and the Internet: What Do We Know? A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry, 12:583817.
Lelonek-Kuleta, B. & Bartczuk, R. P. (2021). Online gambling activity, pay-to-win payments, motivation to gamble, and coping strategies as predictors of gambling disorder among e-sports bettors. Journal of Gambling Síudies, 1-20.
Lesieur, H.R. & Klein, R. (1987). Psychological gambling among high school síudenís. London: McGraw-Hill.
Lischer, S.; Steffen, A.; Schwarz, J.; & Mathys, J. (2021). The influence of lockdown on the gambling pattern of swiss casino players. Iní. J. Environ. Res. Public Healíh, (18), 1-14.
Lopez-Gonzalez, H., Griffiths, M.D. & Estévez, A. (2018). In-play betting, gambling severity, and other risks: A study of Spanish sports bettors. Communicaíion and Sporí, 1-24.
Matama, R, Mbago, M, & Ngoboka, P. (2021). Instant gratification behavior among gambling individuals in Uganda. Journal of Gambling Síudies, 37:569.
Palomäki, J, Laakasuo, M, Castrén, S, Saastamoinen, J, Kainulainen, T, & Suhonen, N. (2021). Online betting intensity is linked with Extraversion and Conscientiousness. J. Pers, (00), 1–14.
Putri, A. S., & Kiranantika, A. (2020). Segregasi Sosial Mahasiswa Perantau di Yogyakarta. Indonesian Journal of Sociology, Education, and Development, 2(1), 42-51.
Shi, J, Colder Carras, M, Potenza, M. N & Turner, N.E. (2021). A perspective on age restrictions and other harm reduction approaches targeting online youth gambling, considering convergences of gambling and videogaming. Froní Psychiaíry, 11 (601712).
Sirola, A., Savela, N., Savolainen, I., Kaakinen, M., & Oksanen, A. (2021). The role of virtual communities in gambling and gaming behaviors: A Systematic Review. Journal of Gambling Síudies, (37), 165–187.
Sportradar (2021). Betradar Product Brochure. www.betradar.com/ HYPERLINK "http://www.betradar.com/".
Stark, S. & Robinson, J. (2021). Online gambling in unprecedented times: Risks and safer gambling strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Gambling, (47), 1-15.
Ströbel, T. Stieler, M. & Stegmann, P. (2021). Digital transformation in sport: The disruptive potential of 1 digitalization for sports management research. Sport, Business & Management, Special Issue, 1 (1): 1-10.
The Behavioural Insight Team, (2021). Applying behavioral insights to design better, safer gambling tools. Behavioral Insight Team, 1-160.
Tipi Group (2020). A shifiíing landscape: The gambling indusíry during and afiíer COVID-19. London: Tipi Group.
Lisensi
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
IJSED memiliki Lisensi Internasional Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY) atau lisensi yang setara yang mengizinkan penggunaan non-komersial yang tidak terbatas, distribusi dan reproduksi dalam media apapun. Istilah lisensi ini adalah lisensi optimal untuk publikasi, distribusi, penggunaan, dan penggunaan kembali karya ilmiah.